General Medicine final practical examination

  70 year old male with Shortness of breath 

This is online E log book to discuss our patient’s de-identified health data shared after taking his/her/guardian’s signed informed consent. Here we discuss our individual patient’s problems through series of inputs from available global online community of experts with an aim to solve those patients clinical problems with collective current best evidence based inputs. This e-log book also reflects my patient centered online learning portfolio and your valuable inputs on comment box is welcome .

I’ve been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of “patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations, and come up with diagnosis and treatment plan.


S.Neeraja Reddy 

H.tno 1701006170

Long case

General medicine final practical 

70 year old male resident of nalgonda  farmer by occupation came with chief complaints of 

 *Shortness of breath since 20 days

*Cough since 20 days

 History of present illness 

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 

 20 days ago when he developed Shortness of breath which was Insidious in onset gradually progressive from MMRC grade 2 to grade 3
It was aggravated on walking and heavy work and was relieved by rest.
It was not associated with wheeze and no postural or diurnal variation. 
There is no history of Orthopnea and paroxysymal noctual dyspnea. 

No history of chest pain , palpitations and chest tightness.

Patient also complained of cough  with sputum which is mucoid in consistency  non foul-smelling non blood tinged.

No postural or diurnal variation and no aggrevating factors.

 Cough Relieved on medication 

Patient gives similar history  10 years back and was treated.

Patient gives history of loss of weight(around 5 kgs ) and loss of appetite .

No history of hemoptysis

No history of sore throat or wheezing.

No history of fever ,decreased urine output syncopal attacks.

No history of hospitalization in the past month

Past history 

History of tuberculosis in the past used medication for 4months.

No history of Hypertension Diabetes Bronchial Asthma Epilepsy. 

Family history 

Not significant 

Personal history 

He takes Mixed diet 

Appetite is reduced 

Bowel and bladder movements are regular 

Addiction:Alcoholic since 20 years

Smoking- smokes around 2chuttas per day.stopped 10 years ago

No known allergies 

General examination 
Patient is conscious coherent and coperative well oriented to time place and person 
No signs of Pallor icterus cyanosis clubbing lymphadenopathy 

Vitals
Afebrile 
Bp 130/90
Respiratory rate 14 bpm
Pulse rate 72 bpm
Clinical images 

Shape of the chest elliptical 

Picture showing supra and infraclavicular hollowness 









Systemic examination 

Respiratory system 

INSPECTION 

Upper Respiratory tract 

Nose:  no Dns , no polyps no hypertrophy of turbinates.

Poor oral hygiene.

Lower respiratory tract

shape of the chest   is elliptical 

Trachea appears to be central

No drooping of shoulders

Supraclavicular hollowness and infraclavicular hollowness present 

Chest expansion is equal on both sides.

Apical impulse is not seen

No visible pulsation or scars or engorged veins.

No crowding of ribs

No kyphosis or scoliosis

No usage of accessory muscles for respiration. 

wasting of muscles present 

Spinoscapular distance is equal on both sides.

PALPATION

All Inspection   findings are conformed

No tenderness 

No local rise of temperature 

Restriction of movement on right side of chest.

Trachea is central

Apex beat felt at left 5th intercostal space.

Tactile Vocal fremitus is equally felt on both sides

Ap diameter 21 cms transverse  25 cm

I percussed the following areas

ANTERIOR.                 Right.               Left

Supraclavicular            Resonant.        Resonant

infraclavicular.     Resonant.                   Resonant

Mammary.                  Resonant.                   Resonant

LATERAL 

Axillary.                    Resonant.   Resonant

Infraaxillary.           Dull.          Resonant

POSTERIOR 

Suprascapular.           Resonant.      Resonant

interscapular.         Resonant.   Resonant 

infrascapular.       Dull.             resonant

PERCUSSION

Direct Percussion over manubrium sterni and clavicle resonance note was heard.

  dullness noted over right infrascapular area, infra axillary area 

Kronigs isthmus not obliterated 

Traubes space not obliterated.

AUSCULTATION 

Bilateral air entry is present

Decreased air entry in right infra scapular area and infra axillary area.

No additional sounds heard 

Vocal resonance decreased in right infraaxillary area.


ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION 

INSPECTION:

•Shape – scaphoid

•Flanks – free

•Umbilicus –central in position , inverted.

•All quadrants of abdomen are moving equally with respiration.

•No dilated veins, hernial orifices, sinuses

•No visible pulsations.

 PALPATION:

•No local rise of temperature and tenderness

•All inspectory findings are confirmed.

•No guarding, rigidity

•Deep palpation- no organomegaly.

 PERCUSSION:

•There is no fluid thrill , shifting dullness.

Percussion over abdomen- 

tympanic note heard.

 AUSCULTATION:

 Bowel sounds are heard.

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

INSPECTION:

•Chest wall - bilaterally symmetrical 

•No dilated veins, scars, sinuses

PALPATION:

•Apical impulse is felt on the left 5th intercostal space 1cm medial to mid clavicular line.

•No parasternal heave, thrills felt

 AUSCULTATION:

•S1 and S2 heard , no added thrills and murmurs heard

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAMINATION.

 HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS:

•Patient is Conscious, well oriented to time, place and person.

•All cranial nerves - intact

•Motor system: Intact

•Superficial reflexes and deep reflexes are present , normal

•Gait is normal

•No involuntary movements

•Sensory system - 

-All sensations pain, touch,temperature, position, vibration, are well appreciated.

Provisional diagnosis 

Right sided pleural effusion  secondary to TB

Investigations 

XRAY chest

Complete blood Picture 

Liver function tests 

Renal function tests

ECG 

2D ECHO

Chest x ray





Serum electrolytes 

Hiv and Hbs ag negative


Serum uric acid







LFT

Alp 165 IU/l

CBP
8.6 gm/dl
USG chest


Right sided moderate pleural effusion 







Pleural fluid sugar 151 mg /dl




2d echo
Good lv systolic function  
No pericardial effusion 




Treatment 








Treatment 

INJ Augmentin 1 to 2 gm iv Tid

Inj pan 40mg iv /od

Tab mucinac Ab TID

Tab paracetamol 650mg sos

Syrp Ascoril TID  




Comments

Popular posts from this blog

GENERAL MEDICINE CASE DISCUSSION of 17 year old female

76 YEAR OLD MALE WITH PEDAL EDEMA AND DIABETES MELLITUS SINCE 15 YEARS

60 YEAR OLD FEMALE WITH FEVER, VOMITINGS AND ABDOMINAL PAIN.